Flowers
Are you looking for a recurrent plant that is aboriginal and brings plentifulness of color to the garden in summer and fall ? Sneezeweed is a miserable - maintenance plant that can do just that ! In this article , horticulture expert Melissa Strauss enjoin all about sneezeweed , how to grow and handle for it .
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Sneezeweed , also known as Helenium or Helen ’s Flower , is a delightful , adaptable , and attractive recurrent plant . This ardent - weather herbaceous plant blooms from previous summertime through the fall , making them an important food source for pollinators when fewer plants are in bloom . Pollinators are draw off to helenium - comparable magnets .
This works is native to all region of the United States except Alaska , which intend it can produce in almost any garden ! Here is everything you call for to know about like for this dazzling blossom .
Sneezeweed Plant Overview

History
The nameHeleniumcomes from the story of the infamous Helen of Troy . Legend has it that where the tears of Helen fall on the reason , these blossom sprang up in their blank space . As Helen was well known for her enticing smasher , it ’s not surprising that the flower named for her are also quite pretty .
The nickname “ sneezeweed ” comes from the flowers ’ ancient usance as a form of sniff . When dried and ground into a powder , Helenium can be inspire to induce sneezing . Sneezing was once thought to be a way to rid the trunk of malevolent John Barleycorn and palliate cold symptom , although we now roll in the hay that is n’t straight . Today , the plant is a democratic ornamental .
Classification
Sneezeweed is an herbaceous perennial in the Aster or Daisy ( Asteraceae ) family . There are about 40 species of heavily flowering plants in theHeleniumgenus . The most uncouth species isHelenium autumnale , name for its fall flower habit .
The semen , leaves , and flowers aretoxic to humans and fauna . The side effects of ingest the works include stomachal and intestinal number , which can be fatal in some causa . It also incorporate sesquiterpene lactones , which get skin botheration , particularly to mucous membrane .
Helenium is best known for the abundance of flowers it produces . The plant life is not unattractive otherwise , but its flower shows are something to behold . It is particularly floriferous for afall - blooming perennial .

The bloom are actually blossom heads made up of small disk flowers in the kernel , flanked by an KO’d mob of ray flowers . Pollinators of all kinds love these flower for their copiousness of nectar .
The flower heads fare in color on the affectionate goal of the spectrum . They can seem in various tad of red , orange , sensationalistic , and copper , with many variety containing two or more of these colors . These blossom are standardised to those produce byGaillardiaor Amerind blanketbut typically have dark browned centers .
Propagation
Sneezeweeds can be propagated in several way . The most common is to diffuse from seed . However , it can also be propagated by cuttings and division . The plants should be divided every few years , whether to disperse or otherwise . Thinning out plants will help increase line circulation , preventing diseases and pest infestation .
When clumps are disunite to exert the wellness of the parent plant , extension is quite simple . novel shoots and clumps can be dug up , cut from the primal root organization , and planted elsewhere .
The soil temperature want to be reasonably fond to grow from come . 70 ° F is ideal for germination , which takes station in 10 - 21 days . The seed can be started inseed traysindoors in cool clime . softly press the seed into pot soil .

Do not cover , as these seed take ignitor to germinate . Keep the seeded player systematically moist by misting the newly - engraft seeds and laying a piece of stick pic over the top of the land to keep the wet from evaporating . cautiously remove the flick when you see the first signal of germination .
Planting
The best time to imbed is in bound , so the plant have clock time to launch themselves before the late summer blooming time of year . sneezeweed do not have to be bury deeply . If planting bare ascendant plants , toil a hole that is as deep and twice the width of the origin . Place the root in the position you prefer and backfill lightly . The ground should be just even with the top of the roots .
How to Grow
Sneezeweed is an easy plant to grow and take care of . With such a wide native range , Helenium grows as a wildflower throughout the United States and much of Canada . These plants can stand firm rough weather condition .
They ’re inhuman - hardy as far northward as zone 3 . They are also heat tolerant all the room to the south to zone 9 . Sneezeweed requires very piffling maintenance once established .
Containers
Sneezeweed comes back big each year , so establish it in a small container will most for certain result in frequent repotting . If you desire to originate your Helenium in a container , we recommend either a heavy can or araised bedthat will contain its bedcover while give your plant passel of elbow room to raise . A raise bed of sneezeweed can be a gorgeous sight when in bloom .
Light
Full sun is good for sneezeweed to get the most peak from your plant . If plant in the refinement , Helenium will get quite leggy as it grows toward the light . Strive for 6 hours of sun , or more , per 24-hour interval . The sunup sun is the near , as it is cooler than the good afternoon Lord’s Day .
If your plants get any shade , afternoon tincture is best . The more sun these flora can get in the other part of the day , the more beautiful and floriferous your sneezeweed will be .
This is an splendid matter to remember when choosing a dapple for your plants . In warmer clime , the concept of full Sunday can be different than in cooler climates .

If you ’re growing Helenium in a ardent climate , check your plants have some shade from the afternoon sun . Plants should be identify in a location that gets as much sun as possible in cooler climates .
Water
Sneezeweeds have moderate tearing pauperization . While they are considered somewhat drouth - tolerant once established , these plants prefer consistently dampish soil . They will suffer if not watered during prolong drouth .
These plants will thrive best when givenat least an inch of weewee per calendar week . Water your Helenium whenever the soil is dry for the well results . Applying a layer of mulch around the bottom of the plant will aid to keep some moisture in the grunge .
Soil
Helenium plants opt their soil to be pretty acidulous . A pH of 5.5 - 7.0 is idealistic for these plants .
A moderately unfaltering soil is preferable . Clay - heavy soil with constitutional matter meld into it is ideal for these plant life , but they will live in most dirt types . conceive addingworm castingsto your aboriginal Lucius Clay territory .
The exception is flaxen soil . Because of their relatively high motive for moisture , arenaceous soil is not a full option for these plants . Planting Helenium in soil that enfeeble well but that still retains moisture is good . These plant do well in moist filth but do n’t enjoy boggy conditions .

Climate and Temperature
Sneezeweed develop in a very large aboriginal range . From key Canada to Florida and Texas , Helenium is widely adaptable . These plant are affectionate - weather foul-up , but their roots are stalwart as far Union as Zone 3 , so they have fantabulous frigid tolerance in their dormant time of year .
As an herbaceous perennial , the above - priming coat industrial plant share will die back in cold wintertime . Do n’t worry ; they should regenerate in spring !
Humidity and heat are not big issues . These plantscan tolerate raging , humid summer as long as they are kick in enough moisture . In areas where the humidity degree is peculiarly high consistently , look out out for fungal disease , and do n’t allow your sneezeweed to become too crowd . Humid climate be given to make plant more susceptible tofungal disease .

Fertilizer
genus Helenium are not heavily - course plants . They wo n’t need unconstipated fertilizing as long as they are planted in fairly rich grease . Too much fertilizer or nitrogen - fat soil will meanmore foliar growth and fewer flowers , so avoid fertilize throughout their growing time of year .
Especially avoid fertilizers that are high in N . A light fertilizing in the spring withblood mealorbone mealwill be all they require to depend and perform their honorable .
Maintenance and Care
by from that individual yearly fertilizing , genus Helenium are very low alimony . In late natural spring , once the plant have had some time to maturate , pinching back the unexampled growth will result in a later bloom but will acquire sturdy plants with more subdivision , thus more flowers .
After your sneezeweed has bloomed , cut back all blossom stems down to the foliage . Deadheading throughout the flowering season will also encourage more flowers and help the plant verbatim energy toward new growing .
Every few years ( 3 - 5 ) , you mustthin the bandage . These perennials will crowd together each other after a while , making them more susceptible to disease . plant life will also lose their vigor if allow to multiply too freely . distinguish plant every so often will keep them strong .

Popular Varieties
There are more than 40 metal money of Helenium and many hybrid variations from several countries . The plant life ’s excellent cold and heat allowance makes it quite popular as an decorative pollinator plant . Here are some of my pet varieties with the most unique and beautiful blooms .
‘ El Dorado ’ lives up to its name with mass of golden flush during a long bloom time of year from summertime through fall . This compendious salmagundi reaches only about 3 ’ marvelous , but this small size has benefits . ‘ El Dorado ’ has sturdy stems that show resiliency to environmental factor like jazz and rainfall .
The flowers seem from July through to October and have thick brownish center stipple with lilliputian yellow stamens around the edge . The larger petal are burnished lily-livered and on occasion have small red splashes .

This hybrid was created in the Netherlands to grow compactly and give rise peculiarly sporty flowers . These pretty bloom seem as yellowish with some red streaking . As the prime mature , their color intensifies to a abstruse crimson reddened before pass off to a softer shade of Orange River .
The color - changing nature of these flowers makes this miscellanea extra popular . They show up en masse shot from early summer through to the fall month . They also makeexcellent cut flowerswith stalwart shank , upward - facing flower , and a long vase life .
You may have approximate by the name that this plant is a real garden party . ‘ Mardi Gras ’ is a more or less taller variety , reach 4 ’ tall when fledged . Pinching this variety in late bounce will lead to full-bodied , dull leaf and plenteousness of efflorescence . The stem are nice and strong in this variety , so the flowers are great for reduce .

The flowers look during midsummer in a great , coloured show . The center of the bloom is reddish brownish . The radix colour of the blooms is smart yellow splatter with vivid Bolshevik and orange , making for a very colourful and interesting plant .
‘ Potter ’s Wheel ’ is a Dutch intercrossed Helenium motley . This cultivar peak so to a great extent in late summer thatit often needs supporting to hold up its stems . The flowers flower in clusters at the end of ramification , making this one of the most floriferous varieties .
The blooms have a chocolate browned center field which step by step turns yellow as the blossom years . The larger circle of flower petal is a thick , velvety red with a flimsy yellow halo around the very outer edge of the flower . The blossom are congeal off nicely against attractive green foliage .

Another delicious hybrid , ‘ Ring of Fire , ’ is an accolade winner for unspoilt intellect . This taller miscellany reaches up to 5 ’ tall , making it a corking midground flower in the garden . Plant this variety , and you will see many native bee andbutterflies visiting the garden .
‘ Ring of Fire ’ blooms in belated summer . The flowers are a reddish browned color , with ring of lily-livered toward the gist and around the forbidden edge . Sometimes the prime have a splashier appearance , with the sensationalistic portions meander throughout the darker background tincture .
‘ light n’Sassy ’ has some big characteristics that make it wonderful for borders and foreground planting . This cultivar was hybridize to have a nanus growing habit , so it only reaches about 18 ” marvellous at maturity date . It was also breed to have an earlier and longer flower habit , so it will set out flower mid - summertime and continue to show off until September .

This variety has smaller efflorescence , around 1.5 ” rather than a more standard 2 ” . Not a Brobdingnagian difference , but notable as it was bred to be small . shiny golden yellow and orange blossom have downturned flower petal that environ a umber browned central cone .
Pests and Diseases
sneezeweed are surprisingly plague - hinderance anddeer - resistant . Few typical garden pests spend much time seeking out these plants . Instead , they are incredibly popular with various pollinating and beneficial louse . They are vulnerable to a few diseases , but for the most part , Helenium is notorious for being gentle to grow and sturdy .
Slugs and snailscan be an egress for unseasoned plants , although , once mature , Helenium is not much of a fair game for these slimy garden snacker . There are many ways to discourage slug and snails from wipe out your plants .
Diatomaceous earth can deter bullet and snails until it get wet . They are also not partial to bark mulches , as the bark often has okay slivers that push back them .

A wide copper strip around the outside of your container or garden bed can also keep them at bay . Once your plant are matured , the slugs and snails are less occupy of an topic .
wanderer mitesare a potential job for Helenium . However , they are unlikely to do great damage to mature flora . They are best detected by identifying the thin , weblike structures they ramp up beneath plant leave of absence . These insects bung on the sweet sap of plants , pass to shriveled and stunted growth .
Neem oil is an effective treatment for spider mites , as are insecticidal soaps and horticultural oils . However , with sneezeweed being so popular among pollinating worm , spraying them with insecticides is not ideal . utilise neem petroleum in the evening after pollinators have left .

Some mixed bag , such as ‘ Sombrero , ’ have been bred for estimable resistance to powdery mildew , but this is the most vulgar issue for other cultivars .
Powdery mold is a fungal disease usuallyresulting from overcrowding in the gardenand occasionally from watering in the eventide , as the damp leaves and cooler temperatures produce a pure circumstance for fungal spores to take hold .
This fungous disease is easy to detect . It causes a powdery white appearance to appear on foliation and can permanently discolor leaf . It is seldom fatal to the plant but can chair to less racy plant that do n’t flower well . Thin out flora that become crowdedto improve melodic line circulation and prevent infections .

Rust is another fungal diseasethat spread out via fungous spore , often carry by water . Water splashing onto a leaf control surface and pool there can circularise these spores and infect the plant . lachrymation plant life at the base rather than overheadcan help to reduce the risk of fungous disease on the foliage of your plants .
rusting disease create red , blister - similar mountain on the underside of affect leaf , free a red powdery substance containing spores . On the upper surface of the masses , it will be cherry - brown in colouration , similar to the rust fungus from which it involve its name . It does n’t look very nice , and additionally , it damages the health of the plant as a whole , make it more vulnerable to other diseases and pests .
Dusting affected plants with sulfur powder once a week until the disease is no longer alive is an effective treatment for rusting , provided that the leaves stay dry ; if they do not , the sulphur powder will be washed off the leaves and the discourse will be ineffective .

Leaf patch can name to several unlike diseases unremarkably affecting ornamental and edible plants and trees . The cause can be bacterial or fungal , and insect scathe may be mistaken for a leaf spot disease . The most common symptom , of form , is point on the folio . These can be dim , brown , or white and of dissimilar shapes and size , count on the suit .
plant life in the Asteraceae family are most commonly affected bySeptoria , Alternaria , andCercospora . All three of these are fungal and can be dealt with similarly . All sham foliage should be removed , and the rest of the works should be treated with a fungicide . void allowing H2O to pool or sit on the leaves until thing are under control condition .
Final Thoughts
Sneezeweed , or Helenium , is a versatile , fearless , depleted - maintenance flowering perennial . It is easy to raise and aboriginal to most of the North American continent . Very few gadfly , including deer and gnawer , are attracted to this industrial plant , and pollinators will be grateful for the late - season ambrosia and pollen that these plants will put up .
sum up some of this pretty , bloom plant life to your garden will fetch a Brobdingnagian papa of former summer and declivity garden and come back year after year with more of their cheery blooms !








