Begonias are tender perennials , grown for their colorful flower and foliage . Most begonias can be grow outdoors in potentiometer , in the earth , or in hanging baskets in filtered light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be propagated from leafage , stem or rootstock cuttings in addition to being seed from seed . The cultivar , ‘ Snowdrop , ’ has clean dual flowers that bloom good in wintertime . The leaf are green to Brown University in color . This plant enjoys filter light but involve direct sun in winter for best blooming . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - found compost also . Likes humidness . Does not care cold weather condition . Needs good visible radiation in wintertime . Pinching crest and pruning KO’d stems in the growing season gives a shaggy-coated plant , ripe for hanging basket . Remove dead foliation to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will find that sun and shade pattern interchange during the day . The westerly side of a sign may even be shady due to shadows vomit up by prominent trees or a complex body part from an adjacent holding . If you have just bought a new home or just beginning to garden in your previous rest home , take meter to map sun and spectre throughout the twenty-four hour period . You will get a more accurate feel for your website ’s rightful light conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plant that favour partially shady weather condition , filtered lightis ideal . in effect planting situation are under a mid to great sized tree that lets some light through their arm or beneath taller flora that will provide some auspices . Conditions : restrained Light for HouseplantsPlace houseplant that requiremoderate lightwithin 5 feet of an easterly or western picture window . circumstance : wet - know HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample piss , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the land is saturated and then drains freely from maw in the bottom of slew . Re - water when potting soil becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the soil aerofoil . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is of import to them . Often morning Sunday , because it is not as strong as afternoon Sunday , can be deal part sun or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sunlight exposure may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where good afternoon refinement will be received . experimental condition : burnished Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 animal foot of an eastern or westerly vulnerability windowpane or within 2 to 5 infantry of a southerly exposure windowpane . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor good plant performance , it is suitable to gibe the right plant with the useable light precondition . Right plant , veracious lieu ! Plants which do not invite sufficient illumination may become pale in color , have few foliage and a " leggy " stretch along - out appearance . Also have a bun in the oven plants to grow slower and have few blooms when light is less than desirable . It is possible to ply auxiliary lighting for indoor plants with lamp . plant can also have too much light . If a shade love works is exposed to direct Lord’s Day , it may wilt and/or induce leaves to be burn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to watering is water deeply and less frequently . When watering , pee well , i.e. render enough water to good saturate the beginning glob . With in - terra firma plants , this means thoroughly soaking the soil until water has pervade to a deepness of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being sound ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water to allow urine to flux through the drain holes .
examine to water works early in the day or later in the good afternoon to conserve water and cut down on plant stress . Do water early enough so that water has had a chance to dry from plant life leave prior to Nox fall . This is overriding if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t wait to water until plants wilt . Although some plant life will recover from this , all plant life will die if they droop too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting dot ) .
moot piddle conservation method acting such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . drip mold system which slowly drop wet directly on the root system can be purchased at your local home and garden snapper . mulch can significantly cool the root zona and economize wet .
Consider adding urine - saving gels to the ascendant geographical zone which will confine a second-stringer of water for the industrial plant . These can make a world of difference especially under stressful conditions . Be sealed to follow label direction for their use .
status : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept equally moist and watered regularly , as condition necessitate . Most plants like 1 inch of water a week during the growing time of year , but take care not to over water system . The first two twelvemonth after a plant life is instal , regular lachrymation is significant for validation . The first year is decisive . It is better to water once a workweek and urine deeply , than to urine ofttimes for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it significant to supply them with adequate water supply . Proper watering is essential for honorable flora health . When there is not enough water , radical will wither and the plant will droop . When too much water is applied too often , roots are deprive of atomic number 8 and diseases happen such as root and stem decomposition .
The key to lacrimation is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the flora needs to be re - water according to its moisture requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough piss to thoroughly impregnate the root ball . With containerized industrial plant , apply enough water to allow water to course through the drain maw .
quash using frigid weewee especially with houseplant . This can shock tender roots . filling watering can with tepid water supply or allow cold-blooded urine to sit for a while to amount to room temperature before watering . This is a expert path to allow any harmful atomic number 17 in the water to vaporise before being used .
Some plant are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This forefend splashing water on the leave of sensitive plants . Simply grade the pot in a shallow cooking pan filled with tepid water and permit the plant sit down for 15 transactions to allow for the solution ball to be good fuddled . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel to help oneself you find out when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the soil ball & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb moisture from the dirt and turn over a darker color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how wet the dirt root chunk is .
Roots need oxygen to breath , do not permit plants to ride in a disk filled with weewee . This will only raise disease .
Planting
A hebdomad to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve fertility and increase weewee retention and drain . If soil penning is weak , a layer of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your dirt is sand or stiff , it can be improved by adding the same affair : constitutional topic . The more , the better ; knead deep into the dirt . devise beds to an 18 in mysterious for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off after . Besides , this is not something that is easily done subsequently , once plant have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you institute a perennial , it does not think that you will enjoy years of sustainment - gratis horticulture . perennial postulate to be like for just like any other plant life . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be active agriculturalist that have to be reduce out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennial establish , it is important to prune them back and reduce them out once in a while . This will keep them from totally taking over an area to the exclusion of other works , and also will increase aviation circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also flower profusely and produce ample seed . As blooming fade it is advisable to deadhead your industrial plant ; that is , to remove spend flowers before they work come . This will prevent your works from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it fill the plant to produce seed .
As perennials mature , they may forge a dense radical mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous works . It is advisable to now and then reduce out a point of view of such perennial . By dividing the root system , you’re able to make new plants to plant in another orbit of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new growth and restore the flora . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either natural spring or declivity . Do a little prep ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare first-class when used as an ornamental feature film , a planting option when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for plants that want a soil type not found in the garden or when stain drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant life in a container , make certain that all have similar cultural necessity . prefer a container that is deep and declamatory enough to admit base development and outgrowth as well as relative balance between the fully developed plant life and the container . Plant with child container in the place you stand for them to stay . All container should have drain gob . A net screenland , broken remains slew pieces(crock ) or a newspaper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep dirt from washing out . The potting soil you choose should be an appropriate mix for the works you have opt . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture readily and equally when wet . If piss hightail it off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicant that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting soil in the bag or spot in a tub or barrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about midway full or to a level that will allow flora , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil line when project is complete . weewee well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by debate sunlight and shade through the daytime , exposure , urine requirements , climate , soil makeup , seasonal coloration desire , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The best time to plant are spring and fall , when soil is executable and out of risk of frost . pin plantings have the vantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike crocked condition or for colder areas , allowing full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most flora , unless planting a more established sized plant life .
To plant container - grown plants : Prepare planting holes with appropriate depth and blank space between . irrigate the plant soundly and allow the excess H2O drain before carefully removing from the container . Carefully undo the ancestor ball and pose the plant in the hole , working stain around the rootage as you fill . If the plant is super beginning throttle , freestanding roots with fingers . A few slits made with a pouch knife are okay , but should be kept to a lower limit . proceed fill in soil and water thoroughly , protect from lineal sun until unchanging .
To plant desolate - source plant : Plant as soon as potential after purchase . Prepare suitable planting golf hole , spread out base and work soil among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sunshine until stable .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennial produce self - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also jump your own seedling bed for transplanting . machinate suitable planting holes , spacing appropriately for works development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it straight off , firm dirt with fingertips and water well . Shade from unmediated sunlight and body of water regularly until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the works you have select is suited for the conditions you are capable to provide it : that it will have enough light , outer space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area powerful next to a window will be colder than the repose of the way .
Indoor plants require to be transplanted into a heavy container periodically , or they become tummy / root - oblige and their growing is retarded . irrigate the plant well before starting , so the soil will throw the etymon ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have difficulty getting the plant out of the great deal , try run a leaf blade around the sharpness of the passel , and gently whack the side to loosen the grease .
Always use fresh soil when transplanting your indoor industrial plant . Fill around the plant lightly with grunge , being careful not to pack too tightly – you need air to be able to get to the radical . After the plant is in the raw pot , do n’t fertilize right away … this will encourage the roots to fill in their new home .
The size pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch not bad in diameter . Remember , many plants prefer being somewhat pot bound . Always start with a neat pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the plant through the root or the stem at grime level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease lachrymation . If a plant is too far go ( all the leafage from the bottom up are wilt ) , remove it . If your plant life is in a container , toss out the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts urine answer . antifungal can be used , according to recording label instruction . Consult a professional for a effectual recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , fly insects that attack many type of plants and boom in live , dry conditions ( like heated family ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can lie up to 300 eggs in a liveliness span of 45 days without sexual union . Most of the damage to plants is cause by the vernal larvae which feed on sore leaf and flower tissue paper . This leads to distorted growth , offend flower petal and untimely prime drop . Thrips also can broadcast many harmful plant life virus .
Prevention and Control : keep sens down and use sieve on window to keep them out . take or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with chickenhearted gummy cards or take advantage of born enemies such as predatory hint . Sometimes a good unfluctuating shower of piddle will moisten them off the flora . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension bureau for effectual chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare belittled , 8 legged , spider - similar animate being which flourish in red-hot , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider mite feed with pierce rima oris parts , which cause plants to seem yellow and stippled . folio drop and works end can occur with dense infestations . wanderer hint can multiply chop-chop , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life couple of 30 day . They also produce a web which can cover infested foliage and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and slay infested plant . Dry airwave seems to decline the job , so ensure plants are on a regular basis water , especially those favour high humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or tomato . Always mark new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or baby’s room . Take advantage of rude foe such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden centre of attention professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the bottom of the leave of absence as that is where wanderer mites generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , thudding - white , soft - bodied insect that raise a waxy powdery covering . They have pierce / sucking mouth parts that fellate the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften search like small pieces of cotton plant and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems branch . They attack a wide ambit of flora . The young be given to move around until they detect a worthy eating speckle , then they hang out in colonies and provender . Mealybugs can weaken a works direct to xanthous foliage and folio drop . They also produce a sweet meaning call in honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal growth call jet mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infest plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden centre professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . Encourage natural enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to facilitate reduce population level of mealy bug . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that look like tiny moths , which assault many types of plant life . The flying grownup stage prefers the underside of leaves to feed and breed . whitefly can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 500 egg in a life span of 2 months . If a plant life is infest with whitefly , you will see a swarm of fleeing insect when the plant life is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , finally pass to plant death if they are not fit . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can run to an untempting black control surface fungal increment called sooty mold .
potential controls : keep weeds down ; use test in window to keep them out ; remove infested plants off from non - infested plants ; utilise a reflective mulch ( aluminium foil ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with yellow embarrassing cards , give judge pesticide ; boost rude enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of water will moisten them off the plant . Pest : clout and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist clime and are mollusks , not insects . They can be ravening feeders , eat just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat holes in leafage , strip entire stems , or all devour seedling and cutter transplantation , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , worthless trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as unobjectionable as potential , eliminating hiding places such as leaf debris , over - turn pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and overweight mulches provide protection from the elements and can be favorite hiding places . In the spring , police for and destroy eggs ( clusters of small translucent spheres ) and adult during evenfall and aurora . rig out beer trap from late natural spring through fall .
Many chemical mastery are uncommitted on the market , but can be poisonous and venomous for children and pets ; take upkeep when using them - always take the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis unremarkably found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . problem are worse where nights are cool and day are warm and humid . The powdery bloodless or gray fungus is usually receive on the upper surface of leaves or yield . Leaves will often ferment scandalmongering or browned , curl up , and drop off . New foliage go forth crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops early on .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and blank plants properly so they receive adequate spark and atmosphere circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is paramount for rose . Go easy on the nitrogen fertiliser . employ antifungal agent according to label directions before problem becomes severe and follow direction exactly , not missing any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - pick up and remove all leaves , peak , or debris in the fall and destroy . fungus : Leaf SpotsLeaf smirch are triggered by fungi or bacterium . Brown or black spot and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a urine soaked or yellow - edged visual aspect . insect , rain , lousy garden tools , or even multitude can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leafage when the works is wry . Leaves that collect around the radix of the plant life should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at filth level . For fungal leaf spots , employ a advocate fungicide allot to recording label directions .
pestilence : Scale InsectsScales are insects , come to to mealy bug , that can be a job on a broad variety of plant - indoor and outdoor . Young scales crawl until they find a good feeding site . The grownup females then lose their legs and stay on a spot protected by its operose shell layer . They come out as bumps , often on the lower side of leaves . They have piercing oral cavity parts that go down on the sap out of industrial plant tissue . scale can de-escalate a plant conduct to yellow leafage and leafage drop . They also raise a sweet heart and soul called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black-market surface fungal growth called pitchy mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are heavy to control . Isolate infested plant aside from those that are not infest . confer with your local garden centre professional or Cooperative Extension bureau in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their dominance . Encourage born enemy such as parasitic WASP in the garden . fungus kingdom : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is constitute on the aerofoil of leaves . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blacken the leaves and stems of the plant life . The best way to hold sooty mold is to verify the worm that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from parting with a dampish cloth or wash aside with a hose - end sprayer .
