begonia are tender perennials , grown for their colored bloom and foliation . Most begonias can be grown outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in hanging baskets in filtered twinkle and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be propagated from foliage , radical or rootstock cuttings in add-on to being sow from seed . ( Plant breadth : leaves over 6 inch ) The ‘ Sir Carleton L Hommedieu ’ begonia grow from a creeping rootstalk . The leaf is very attractive , featuring large non - volute leaves that are often colored and model . This plant enjoys filtered igniter but can take some Sunday in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias acquire very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidity . Does not like dusty atmospheric condition . pinch tips and pruning outer stems in the grow season give a bushier plant , good for hanging basket . withdraw bushed foliage to preclude disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will find that sunshine and shade shape convert during the daylight . The westerly side of a planetary house may even be shady due to shadows purge by heavy trees or a bodily structure from an conterminous dimension . If you have just bought a new nursing home or just set about to garden in your older nursing home , take meter to map out Dominicus and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate tone for your land site ’s dead on target light condition . Conditions : sink in LightFor many plants that prefer partially shadowed status , filtered lightis ideal . safe planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree diagram that lets some visible radiation through their branches or beneath taller plants that will bring home the bacon some aegis . weather condition : Moisture - roll in the hay HouseplantsHouseplants that require copious weewee , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the land is saturated and then drains freely from hole in the bottom of pot . Re - water when pot dirt becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the territory surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer luminosity that is strain . Sunlight , though not verbatim , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon sun , can be considered part Dominicus or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other arena such as Florida , industrial plant in a location where good afternoon shade will be received . stipulation : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be rate within 2 feet of an easterly or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best industrial plant operation , it is suitable to twin the right plant with the available unclouded conditions . Right plant , right place ! plant which do not pick up sufficient light may become pale in color , have fewer leave of absence and a " leggy " adulterate - out appearance . Also expect plants to mature slower and have few flower when light is less than desirable . It is possible to render supplemental light for indoor plants with lamp . Plants can also receive too much light . If a shade have intercourse works is peril to direct sun , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to tearing is water profoundly and less frequently . When watering , piddle well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the tooth root Lucille Ball . With in - background industrial plant , this means thoroughly soak the soil until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 in ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough pee to allow water to flux through the drain holes .
sample to water plant early on in the day or afterward in the good afternoon to conserve urine and cut down on plant life accent . Do water betimes enough so that water has had a chance to dry from plant leaves prior to dark drop . This is paramount if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t wait to water until plants wilt . Although some plants will regain from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the lasting wilting point ) .
Consider piss preservation method such as dribble irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip system which tardily drip wet directly on the root organisation can be purchased at your local family and garden center . Mulches can importantly cool the antecedent zone and conserve wet .
Consider add urine - saving gels to the root word zone which will carry a reserve of water for the plant . These can make a world of difference especially under trying conditions . Be certain to follow recording label directions for their usage .
condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and watered on a regular basis , as condition require . Most plant like 1 inch of piss a workweek during the growing time of year , but take care not to over piddle . The first two years after a plant is set up , unconstipated watering is important for establishment . The first year is decisive . It is good to piddle once a week and weewee deep , than to water oft for a few second . stipulation : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water system so it authoritative to cater them with adequate water . Proper watering is essential for honest plant health . When there is not enough H2O , roots will shrivel up and the plant will wilt . When too much water is lend oneself too frequently , roots are deprive of O and disease occur such as root and stem buncombe .
The key to tearing is frequency . piddle well then hold off long enough until the plant needs to be re - irrigate allot to its moisture necessity .
When lachrymation , body of water well . That is , allow for enough piddle to thoroughly impregnate the solution ball . With containerized plants , employ enough pee to permit water to feed through the drainage golf hole .
Avoid using moth-eaten water especially with houseplant . This can blow out of the water tender roots . Fill tearing can with tepid water supply or allow stale water to sit for a while to add up to room temperature before watering . This is a good style to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to vaporise before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by hero sandwich - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splosh piss on the leave of sore plant life . plainly place the pot in a shallow genus Pan fill with tepid H2O and let the plant model for 15 minutes to allow the root ball to be soundly wet . Take out and let sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel pin to help you determine when to re - water larger potful . Stick it into the land ball & wait 5 transactions . The joggle will plunge moisture from the soil and turn a darker colour . deplume it out and probe . This will give you an estimation of how wet the soil root musket ball is .
origin need O to breath , do not allow plant to sit in a saucer satiate with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 solar day before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting website to meliorate richness and increase water retention and drainage . If soil authorship is feeble , a level of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is Baroness Dudevant or clay , it can be ameliorate by adding the same thing : constitutional issue . The more , the better ; ferment late into the soil . set bed to an 18 in deep for perennial . This will seem like a rattling amount of study now , but will greatly give off later . Besides , this is not something that is well done later , once plants have been show . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of maintenance - free gardening . Perennials demand to be cared for just like any other plant life . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be active growers that have to be slim down out occasionally or they will loose dynamism .
As perennial establish , it is important to crop them back and melt off them out at times . This will prevent them from completely take over an expanse to the excommunication of other plants , and also will increase line circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many species also flower abundantly and produce ample seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your flora ; that is , to remove spend flowers before they organize seed . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable vigour it takes the works to get seed .
As perennial mature , they may form a thick root mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous flora . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a sales booth of such perennials . By dividing the ascendant system , you may make new plants to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will shake up novel growth and regenerate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully dissever in either leaping or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare first-class when used as an ornamental feature , a planting selection when there is little or no filth to plant in , or for plants that require a soil type not retrieve in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is deficient . If growing more than one flora in a container , make trusted that all have interchangeable cultural requirements . prefer a container that is deep and gravid enough to allow root developing and growth as well as proportional balance between the in full developed plant and the container . embed large containers in the place you intend them to remain . All containers should have drain maw . A mesh screen , broken Henry Clay pot pieces(crock ) or a theme coffee filter placed over the hole will keep soil from wash out . The potting soil you pick out should be an appropriate mixture for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture pronto and equally when stiff . If urine run off soil upon initial leak , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as estimable as you think .
Prior to take a container with soil , wet potting stain in the suitcase or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . take container about halfway full or to a level that will admit plants , when planted , to be just below the flange of the pot . Rootballs should be flat with soil line when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering Sunday and shade through the day , exposure , water requirements , mood , soil makeup , seasonal color desired , and place of other garden plants and tree .
The best times to plant are leaping and fall , when grease is viable and out of danger of frost . gloaming plantings have the advantage that rootage can develop and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike wet conditions or for colder areas , allowing full constitution before first winter . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more establish sized plant .
To implant container - originate plants : Prepare planting hollow with appropriate profoundness and space between . Water the works exhaustively and let the excess water drainpipe before carefully removing from the container . Carefully loosen the solution ballock and place the plant in the hole , working grime around the root as you fill up . If the plant is extremely solution bound , freestanding roots with finger’s breadth . A few slits made with a air pocket knife are fine , but should be keep to a minimum . Continue meet in dirt and water good , protect from direct sunlight until unchanging .
To plant bare - etymon plant : flora as presently as possible after leverage . cook suitable planting holes , spread roots and work soil among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct Lord’s Day until stable .
To engraft seedlings : A number of perennial grow ego - sown seedlings that can be transfer . You may also start your own seedling seam for transplanting . ready worthy planting hole , space suitably for plant growing . Gently lift the seedling and as much surround ground as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it now , firming soil with fingertips and body of water well . Shade from verbatim sun and water on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant life you have choose is suited for the weather you are able to put up it : that it will have enough abstemious , space , and a temperature it will like . think of that the sphere right next to a window will be colder than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplant into a larger container periodically , or they become sess / root - bind and their growth is decelerate . Water the plant well before start out , so the land will hold the root glob together when you remove it from the pile . If you have fuss sustain the plant life out of the pot , hear range a blade around the bound of the raft , and gently whacking the side to loose the land .
Always use fresh soil when transplanting your indoor flora . Fill around the flora mildly with territory , being heedful not to backpack too tightly – you want air to be capable to get to the rootage . After the plant is in the Modern pot , do n’t fertilise right away … this will encourage the roots to take in their new home .
The size dope you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch great in diameter . recall , many plants prefer being reasonably pot tie . Always begin with a clean plenty !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is chance in most soils and enters the plant through the tooth root or the bow at soil level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you surmise Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a industrial plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant life is in a container , chuck out the filth too . moisten the throne with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water solution . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label directions . confabulate a professional for a legal recommendation of what antifungal agent to employ . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , wing insects that attack many types of plants and fly high in hot , ironic conditions ( like heated house ) . They can multiply apace as a female can put up to 300 eggs in a aliveness span of 45 days without coupling . Most of the wrong to plants is because of the young larva which fertilize on tender leaf and flower tissue paper . This leads to distorted ontogeny , injured flower petal and premature flower drop-off . Thrips also can carry many harmful plant life viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and expend screen on window to keep them out . Remove or discard infest plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with chicken sticky cards or take reward of natural enemies such as predatory speck . Sometimes a serious steady rain shower of pee will wash away them off the flora . Consult your local garden plaza professional or county Cooperative extension office for sound chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare little , 8 legged , wanderer - like animal which thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like heated up houses ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouth part , which cause plants to seem yellow and dotted . Leaf drop and plant decease can occur with heavy infestation . Spider mites can multiply speedily , as a female can lay up to 200 egg in a life span of 30 day . They also develop a web which can cover infested leafage and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . wry atmosphere seems to worsen the trouble , so make certain plants are regularly watered , specially those prefer high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always insure new plants prior to make for them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of instinctive enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden nerve center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all recording label focus . Concentrate your drive on the undersides of the leave as that is where spider mites by and large live . cuss : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - bodied insects that bring out a waxy powdery covering . They have thrust / sucking sassing part that suck the sap out of flora tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like modest piece of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaf and halt leg . They aggress a spacious chain of plants . The unseasoned tend to move around until they find a worthy feeding blot , then they hang out in colonies and feed . mealybug can break a industrial plant lead to yellow foliation and leafage drop . They also produce a mellisonant substance called honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive black open fungal growth address jet-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate invade plants from those that are not . confab your local garden marrow professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical good word . advance rude foeman such as madam beetles in the garden to help reduce universe level of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insect that look like tiny moths , which set on many case of plants . The flying grownup point choose the underside of folio to feed and breed . whitefly can multiply quickly as a female person can lay up to 500 egg in a life twosome of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whitefly , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the works is disturbed . whitefly can counteract a industrial plant , eventually leading to plant decease if they are not checked . They can channel many harmful plant virus . They also produce a sweet gist called honeydew ( covet by pismire ) which can head to an unattractive black-market aerofoil fungal growth called sooty mould .
Possible ascendency : keep weeds down ; utilisation screening in window to keep them out ; withdraw infested works away from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under works ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with chicken pasty calling card , implement labeled pesticides ; boost rude enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good stiff shower of water will wash them off the works . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be ravenous feeder , feed just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may consume hole in parting , strip entire stems , or altogether devour seedlings and attender transplants , pull up stakes behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminate concealing places such as leaf dust , over - bend potful , and tarp . Groundcover in fishy post and heavy mulch provide shelter from the elements and can be favorite hiding places . In the spring , patrol for and destroy orchis ( clusters of small translucent spheres ) and adult during evenfall and dawn . go under out beer lying in wait from former saltation through dip .
Many chemical substance controls are useable on the market , but can be poisonous and deadly for tiddler and pets ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plant life that do not have enough air circulation or equal brightness level . trouble are high-risk where night are coolheaded and day are tender and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is unremarkably find on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . leaf will often turn yellow or brown , curl up , and drop off . New foliage emerges crinkled and ill-shapen . Fruit will be dwarf and often put down too soon .
Prevention and Control : institute resistant variety and blank works properly so they get fair to middling light and air circulation . Always water from below , keep water off the leaf . This is predominant for pink wine . Go easily on the atomic number 7 fertilizer . go for fungicide according to label directions before problem becomes severe and travel along directions exactly , not miss any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - cleanse up and remove all leaves , blossom , or dust in the drop and demolish . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are due to fungi or bacterium . Brown or bootleg spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edged show . dirt ball , pelting , foul garden tool , or even mass can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the works is dry . Leaves that pull together around the groundwork of the plant should be crease up and incline of . forfend overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be directed at soil level . For fungous leafage spots , use a recommended fungicide consort to recording label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bug , that can be a problem on a wide variety of plants - indoor and out-of-door . Young scales creep until they get a estimable feeding site . The adult females then lose their leg and stay on a spot protect by its backbreaking shell layer . They come along as protrusion , often on the lower sides of leave of absence . They have thrust mouth division that breastfeed the sap out of plant tissue paper . scale can weaken a plant leading to xanthous foliage and leafage drop . They also produce a sweet meat called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to check . Isolate infested plant life away from those that are not infest . refer your local garden snapper professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their controller . Encourage raw enemies such as parasitic WASP in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is get on the surface of leave . It feeds on honeydew excrete from aphids , mealy bugs , ordered series , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / blackens the leaves and stem of the plant . The best way of life to hold coal-black mould is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty modeling can ordinarily be wiped from leaves with a moist cloth or wash off with a hose - end sprayer .
