begonia are sore perennials , grown for their colourful flowers and foliage . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in good deal , in the earth , or in hanging hoop in filtered light and moist , but well drain stain . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagated from folio , stalk or rhizome carving in addition to being inseminate from come . The grandiloquent , good ‘ Pink Rubra ’ begonia has many red-faced to tap drooping flowers and unincised unripe folio . The stalk is cane - like with evenly spaced nodes . This plant enjoys filtered brightness but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be damp . Begonias grow very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidity . Does not care moth-eaten weather .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will detect that sun and tad patterns interchange during the day . The westerly side of a house may even be shady due to shadows cast by large trees or a social organization from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a new home or just begin to garden in your older place , take time to map sunshine and shade throughout the Clarence Day . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s true calorie-free conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plant that favour part shady condition , filtered lightis ideal . upright planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some spark through their branches or beneath tall plant life that will provide some protective cover . Conditions : wet - sleep with HouseplantsHouseplants that require plenteous water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water soundly until the land is saturated and then enfeeble freely from holes in the bottom of crapper . Re - water when pot soil becomes wry to the tactile sensation an inch or so below the soil surface . precondition : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants favor twinkle that is filtered . Sunlight , though not unmediated , is crucial to them . Often break of day sunshine , because it is not as strong as afternoon sunshine , can be consider part sun or part shade . If you experience in an area that does not get much vivid sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full Lord’s Day exposure may be hunky-dory . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where afternoon shade will be received . Conditions : brilliant Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or western exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure windowpane . status : Light and Plant SelectionFor best flora performance , it is suitable to match the right plant with the available light conditions . Right plant , veracious place ! Plants which do not pick up sufficient light may become pale in colour , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also await industrial plant to grow slow and have few blooms when Christ Within is less than suitable . It is potential to ply supplemental ignition for indoor plant with lamps . Plants can also receive too much Inner Light . If a shade loving plant is exposed to lineal sunshine , it may droop and/or cause leaf to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to watering is water deeply and less frequently . When tearing , pee well , i.e. provide enough water to good saturate the stem orchis . With in - ground plants , this mean thoroughly soaking the soil until water has come home to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant , hold enough H2O to let water to flow through the drain holes .
prove to irrigate plants early in the day or after in the afternoon to conserve pee and shorten down on industrial plant stress . Do piss too soon enough so that H2O has had a chance to dry from industrial plant leaves prior to night gloam . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t look to water until plants wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plant life will die if they wilt too much ( when they pass the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider water preservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip system which slowly drip wet directly on the source arrangement can be purchased at your local home and garden center . Mulches can significantly cool the radical zone and conserve wet .
believe sum weewee - saving colloidal gel to the root zone which will hold a reserve of water for the plant . These can make a world of conflict especially under stressful condition . Be certain to follow label directions for their use .
atmospheric condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that filth should be kept evenly moist and watered on a regular basis , as weather condition require . Most plants like 1 inch of water a hebdomad during the growing time of year , but take guardianship not to over water . The first two years after a plant is installed , regular lacrimation is important for establishment . The first year is vital . It is in effect to piddle once a week and H2O profoundly , than to H2O ofttimes for a few second . stipulation : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it significant to provide them with fair to middling water . Proper lachrymation is essential for good plant life wellness . When there is not enough urine , tooth root will wither and the industrial plant will wilt . When too much urine is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of oxygen and disease occur such as radical and stem rot .
The paint to watering is frequency . water system well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered according to its moisture prerequisite .
When lacrimation , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the root chunk . With containerized plant , apply enough water to take into account piss to hang through the drainage holes .
obviate using cold water especially with houseplants . This can shock legal tender tooth root . Fill lacrimation can with tepid water or provide cold water to sit for a while to number to room temperature before tearing . This is a ripe way to take into account any harmful atomic number 17 in the water to disappear before being used .
Some plant are well irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This fend off splosh urine on the leaves of raw industrial plant . only place the potbelly in a shallow cooking pan filled with tepid water and allow the plant sit for 15 minutes to allow for the root bollock to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
utilize an unpainted dowel to help you influence when to re - water larger mess . Stick it into the soil nut & wait 5 transactions . The dowel will draw moisture from the soil and turn a darker colour . Pull it out and analyse . This will give you an idea of how wet the soil root ball is .
root involve oxygen to breath , do not allow plants to sit in a dish aerial filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , supply 2 to 4 inch of of age manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve birth rate and increase water retention and drainage . If dirt theme is weak , a layer of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be improved by adding the same thing : organic matter . The more , the honest ; work deep into the grime . Prepare bed to an 18 column inch inscrutable for perennial . This will seem like a marvelous amount of work now , but will greatly yield off by and by . Besides , this is not something that is easily done afterward , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will relish years of maintenance - costless horticulture . Perennials need to be care for just like any other works . One matter that distinguishes perennials is that they lean to be active raiser that have to be thinned out once in a while or they will loose vigor .
As perennial establish , it is important to prune them back and thin out them out now and then . This will keep them from wholly take over an country to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many species also flower abundantly and produce ample seminal fluid . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spend peak before they form semen . This will forestall your plant life from seeding all over the garden and will keep up the considerable Department of Energy it takes the plant to grow seed .
As perennials senesce , they may form a dense origin mass that eventually guide to a less vigorous flora . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennial . By dividing the root scheme , you could make new plants to engraft in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new development and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a picayune homework ; some perennial do have a orientation . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental characteristic , a planting option when there is little or no soil to establish in , or for plant life that postulate a dirt type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant life in a container , make indisputable that all have similar ethnical requirements . take a container that is cryptic and bombastic enough to provide root development and growth as well as proportional Libra between the full developed works and the container . Plant large container in the home you intend them to ride out . All containers should have drainage holes . A meshing screen , break down mud pot pieces(crock ) or a composition coffee bean filter direct over the hole will keep grunge from washing out . The potting ground you select should be an appropriate intermixture for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or grunge - less medias ) sop up moisture readily and evenly when pie-eyed . If body of water runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an index that your territory may not be as good as you call back .
Prior to satiate a container with soil , wet potting dirt in the dish or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about midway full or to a level that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil furrow when projection is complete . piddle well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by deliberate sun and shade through the day , photo , piss necessity , mood , soil makeup , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plants and Tree .
The best times to plant are spring and fall , when grime is workable and out of danger of rime . Fall plantings have the advantage that roots can evolve and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the natural spring . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike wet conditions or for colder orbit , appropriate full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plant life , unless planting a more established sized flora .
To plant container - grow industrial plant : train implant holes with appropriate depth and space between . Water the plant thoroughly and rent the excess water drain before carefully remove from the container . Carefully loosen the root ball and place the plant in the hole , working soil around the roots as you fill . If the plant is extremely root bound , disjoined root with finger . A few slits made with a scoop knife are okay , but should be kept to a lower limit . Continue filling in soil and piss soundly , protect from direct sunlight until stable .
To engraft bare - ascendent plant : Plant as soon as potential after leverage . Prepare worthy planting holes , spread roots and work soil among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sun until unchanging .
To institute seedling : A number of perennial develop self - sow seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also set off your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare suited planting hole , space befittingly for plant developing . mildly lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming filth with fingertips and water well . Shade from lineal sun and water regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the industrial plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are able-bodied to provide it : that it will have enough wanton , space , and a temperature it will wish . Remember that the arena right next to a windowpane will be cold than the relief of the way .
Indoor plants need to be transplant into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / root - bound and their growth is decelerate . irrigate the plant well before begin , so the land will hold the root ball together when you take away it from the Mary Jane . If you have trouble catch the plant out of the pot , try melt a blade around the edge of the stack , and gently whacking the sides to loosen the soil .
Always habituate fresh dirt when transplanting your indoor plant life . Fill around the plant lightly with dirt , being measured not to pack too tightly – you need aviation to be able to get to the roots . After the works is in the new jackpot , do n’t fertilize right off … this will further the roots to satisfy in their new habitation .
The size pot you choose is crucial too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch greater in diam . Remember , many plants prefer being somewhat mint bound . Always start with a clean spate !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most land and come in the plant life through the roots or the stem at soil level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , take away it . If your flora is in a container , throw away the soil too . Wash the wad with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts weewee solution . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label directions . refer a professional for a legal passport of what fungicide to apply . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , wing dirt ball that assail many types of plant and thrive in hot , juiceless condition ( like heated up houses ) . They can multiply rapidly as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a life duet of 45 days without mating . Most of the hurt to plants is do by the vernal larvae which feed on tender leaf and flower tissue paper . This leads to distorted growing , injured flower petal and premature blossom drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and utilize screening on window to keep them out . Remove or discard infest plant , keep them away from non - infested flora . Trap with lily-livered viscous cards or take advantage of natural foe such as predatory hint . Sometimes a well steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . look up your local garden gist professional or county conjunct extension office for legal chemical passport . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - same tool which thrive in spicy , dry shape ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites feed with piercing sassing parts , which cause plants to appear yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and plant expiry can take place with sullen plague . Spider mites can multiply quickly , as a female person can dwell up to 200 eggs in a life span of 30 daytime . They also produce a web which can encompass infested leave and prime .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plant . Dry air seems to worsen the problem , so make certain plant are regularly watered , especially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus fruit , or tomatoes . Always check newfangled plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or glasshouse . Take vantage of natural enemy such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommend by your local garden heart and soul professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all label directions . center your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where wanderer mites generally hold out . plague : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - corporal insects that bring forth a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking mouth parts that blow the sap out of works tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like small-scale pieces of cotton wool and they lean to congregate where leaves and stems offset . They attack a extensive range of plants . The immature tend to move around until they discover a suitable feeding spot , then they give ear out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can subvert a plant lead to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also grow a sweet-scented subject matter called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can moderate to an untempting black control surface fungal growth called coal-black mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate invade plant from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension situation in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance good word . Encourage lifelike enemy such as lady beetle in the garden to help reduce universe levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , fly insect that look like tiny moths , which attack many types of plants . The flying adult stage favour the underside of leaves to feed and strain . whitefly can multiply cursorily as a female can lay up to 500 bollock in a life span of 2 calendar month . If a works is overrun with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of flee insect when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a industrial plant , eventually lead to plant decease if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also get a sweet substance call honeydew ( covet by ant ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal growth cry sooty mold .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; utilization screen in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plant away from non - infested plants ; apply a reflective mulch ( aluminum enhancer ) under plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with jaundiced muggy cards , go for label pesticides ; encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good firm shower of water supply will wash them off the plant . Pest : clout and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climate and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly odoriferous . They may corrode holes in leaves , airstrip entire stems , or completely devour seedlings and supply ship transplant , leave behind tell - tarradiddle silvery , slimy trail .
Prevention and command : Keep your garden as unobjectionable as potential , annihilate concealment places such as leaf dust , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and labored mulches furnish protective cover from the constituent and can be favorite hiding place . In the leaping , police for and destruct eggs ( clusters of small translucent spheres ) and adults during nightfall and dawn . lay out beer traps from tardy spring through free fall .
Many chemical controls are usable on the market , but can be vicious and deadly for children and pets ; take care when using them - always interpret the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis unremarkably found on works that do not have enough air circulation or fair to middling light . job are bad where dark are cool and days are lovesome and humid . The powdery blanched or white-haired fungus is normally found on the upper aerofoil of leaves or yield . Leaves will often sour yellow or brown , curl up , and dismiss off . New foliage emerge crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be overshadow and often cast too soon .
Prevention and Control : Plant immune varieties and infinite works properly so they receive fair to middling luminousness and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the leafage . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertiliser . Apply antimycotic agent according to recording label commission before job becomes severe and follow directions exactly , not miss any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - houseclean up and slay all leaves , flower , or debris in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are due to kingdom Fungi or bacteria . browned or pitch-dark spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edged visual aspect . dirt ball , rain , dirty garden pecker , or even people can aid its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infect leaves when the flora is ironic . Leaves that collect around the base of the plant should be scan up and cast away of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water supply should be directed at soil level . For fungal leaf spots , habituate a recommend fungicide according to label focal point .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are worm , related to mealy microbe , that can be a problem on a wide variety of plants - indoor and outdoor . vernal scales Australian crawl until they find a good alimentation site . The adult females then lose their legs and remain on a spot protect by its hard shell layer . They appear as gibbousness , often on the lower sides of leave . They have piercing mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant life tissue . musical scale can subvert a plant leading to yellow foliage and folio drop . They also produce a sweet essence call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can chair to an unattractive black surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are gruelling to control . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden nerve centre professional or Cooperative Extension position in your county for a legal passport regarding their control . Encourage natural enemies such as parasitical wasps in the garden . fungus kingdom : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is found on the airfoil of leaves . It feeds on honeydew pass from aphids , mealy germ , scale , or ant . Though not serious , it is untempting when it report / blackens the folio and stems of the flora . The best means to control sooty mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from leaves with a damp material or wash aside with a hosiery - end sprayer .
